According to the species name database, there are currently over 6,000 terrestrial earthworm species, with only about 150 of them being widely distributed worldwide.Lumbricus terrestris is the most common earthworm species found in the environment. The Oligochaeta subclass of terrestrial worms has over 1,800 species worldwide.They can be as small as one inch or as large as sixty inches in length. Their name derives from the Greek word anecic, which means ‘out of the earth.’ These worms burrow vertically in the soil’s mineral layers, creating holes as deep as six feet below ground level. Anecic worms live below ground but they come above ground for food sources.They are usually very pale or translucent and colorless, and their muscles are weaker than those of Epigeic worms, so they move more slowly. Their name derives from the Greek work endogeic, which translates to ‘within the earth.’ They are small, measuring between one and twelve inches in length. Their name derives from the Greek word epigeic, which means ‘on the earth.’ They’re small, ranging in length from less than an inch to seven inches. Epigeic worms, also known as surface dwellers because these worms do not dig burrows and instead live among decaying organic matter on the soil surface, among piles of leaves or in compost heaps.Earthworms are divided into three types based on where they live.Anus is the one that’s in charge of excreting the castings.Clitellum is a thickened glandular and non-segmented section of the body wall near the head that secretes a viscid sac where eggs are stored.There are approximately 80–120 setae on each body segment. Chitin, a horny nitrogenous organic substance, is used to make them. Setae are also referred to as chaetae.It is usually a tiny shelf- or lip-like extension over the dorsal side of the mouth and is located in front of the mouth. The prostomium is the anterior cephalized first body segment of an annelid worm.While these are the external parts that can be seen in an Earthworm:.The brain is in charge for sending and receiving messages to the nervous system.The ventral blood vessel is the front blood vessel.An earthworm has five aortic arches that together function as a heart and circulate blood through its body. The lateral heart is a blood-pumping system.The seminal vesicles are small hollow organs that carry sperm.The dorsal blood vessel is located at the back of the body.The nephridium serves as a kidney-like organ.The seminal receptacle is a pocket containing semen.The ventral nerve cord is a group of nerves in the abdomen.The gizzard serves as the stomach of an earthworm.The crop is where the food is stored and softened.The esophagus is the tube that connects the pharynx to the crop of an earthworm.The pharynx is the muscular throat that pushes food down into the esophagus.The mouth cavity is the opening for the digestive tract that helps obtain nutrients from the soil.These are some of the internal parts that can be found in an earthworm:. They crunch it up in their muscular stomach, digest what they can (organic matter mixed with mineral fragments), and then eject the rest.
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